Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain and Head

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain or head MRI, also known as magnetic resonance imaging, is a non-invasive and completely safe radiological diagnostic method that provides a detailed view of the structures in the brain and head. This method allows for:

• Detailed imaging of the brain
• The pituitary gland
• The orbits
• The temporal bones
• Blood vessels in the brain

This method is used to diagnose various abnormalities in the anatomical structures of the brain and head, to identify the causes of unexplained symptoms suspected to originate in this area, and to monitor existing diagnoses. Unlike other radiological methods, MRI does not use harmful ionizing radiation.

What is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and head?

Head MRI is a non-invasive imaging technology that provides insight into the shape, size, relationships, and function of anatomical structures in the head. It is used for the detection, diagnosis, and monitoring of conditions in this area. MRI utilizes a strong magnetic field and electromagnetic waves that affect the position of protons in tissues relative to the magnetic field. As the protons return to their original position under the influence of radio waves, energy is released, in the form of signals, which are used to generate images on a computer. Different types of tissues in the MRI scan can be distinguished based on their magnetic properties and the strength of the signals they emit.

Who needs an MRI of the brain and head?

An MRI of this segment is indicated for:

• Symptoms that are suspected to have an organic cause in the brain or head structures
• Monitoring existing diagnoses and/or after surgical procedures
• Preoperative assessments for a detailed view of the area where surgery will be performed

Symptoms that may indicate the need for an MRI include:

• Chronic headaches
• Visual disturbances or hearing loss
• Dizziness
• Seizures
• Hormonal imbalances (related to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, e.g., Cushing’s syndrome)
• Significant changes in thinking and behavior

Extreme weakness and fatigue

What does MRI of the brain and head show?

MRI provides a clear view of soft tissues, making it the most sensitive method for detecting abnormalities in the brain. Radiologists can clearly see details such as blood flow and the fluids surrounding the brain, as well as lesions that appear as dark or bright spots differing from normal brain tissue. Using gadolinium-based contrast agents can further enhance the visualization of blood vessels, possible inflammations, and tumors.

MRI can detect a range of abnormalities in the brain and head, including:

• Cysts, tumors, and abscesses in the brain
• Bleeding and infections
• Blood clots and brain aneurysms
• Previous strokes
• Abnormalities in the brainstem and cerebellum
• Pituitary gland abnormalities (size changes and tumors)
• Changes caused by multiple sclerosis (distinguishing old from new lesions)
• Hydrocephalus (enlargement of brain ventricles due to excess cerebrospinal fluid)
• Traumatic brain injuries or injuries caused by seizures

Duration of MRI of the brain and head

An MRI of this segment typically takes between 30 to 45 minutes. Scanning usually takes longer if a contrast agent is used.

Preparation for MRI of the brain and head

This examination does not require special preparation but involves a few simple steps:

• Before entering the MRI room, remove all clothing with metal components and any metal objects such as jewelry, piercings, glasses, mobile phones, keys, watches, credit cards, metal hair accessories, and removable dental prosthetics.

Wear clothing without metal parts (buttons, zippers, clasps) as you will need to remove any clothing that contains them..

• If you are anxious about confined spaces, a mild sedative may be taken 15 to 30 minutes before the procedure.
• Eating, drinking, and taking usual medications are permitted unless otherwise instructed by your doctor.
• If the scan involves contrast, blood tests for urea and creatinine may be required based on your doctor’s recommendation.

Risks of the examination

MRI of the brain is a completely safe imaging method where you are not exposed to harmful ionizing radiation.

However, the MRI device resembles a tunnel, and the confined space may trigger claustrophobia in some individuals. At Poliklinika Sinteza, we use the Siemens MAGNETOM® Aera MRI device, known for its open design (70 cm tunnel width and 145 cm length), which reduces the feeling of enclosure and provides a more comfortable experience.

Due to the use of a strong magnetic field, MRI is contraindicated in patients with a cardiac pacemaker or metal clips/prosthetics.

Although the effects of MRI on pregnancy are not scientifically proven, it is recommended only in strong medical indications for pregnant women.

The MRI procedure

• Before the MRI, you will fill out a health questionnaire and remove all metallic objects and clothing with metal parts.
• Radiological staff will place you in a lying position inside the MRI device, which is tunnel-shaped. It is important that your head remains inside the tunnel. Special coils will be placed around your head to capture the magnetic signals used to generate images.
• If the doctor has indicated the use of contrast for more precise diagnostics, the contrast agent is administered intravenously, through a venous access (cannula) in the arm. You might feel warmth or cooling at the injection site or a change in taste.
• Noise protection: MRI devices make loud noises during the scan, so you will be provided with ear protection to reduce the noise.
• During the scan, you will be alone in the room (the staff will be in the control room), but you can communicate with them via intercom. You will also have a small device to signal if you need to stop the scan. The staff may give you instructions via intercom during the scan, such as asking you to momentarily hold your breath.
• Movement: It is important to stay still during the scan to ensure high-quality images.
• After the scan, which typically lasts between 30 and 45 minutes, the cannula will be removed if contrast was used.

Recovery from MRI of the brain and head

Most patients experience no need for recovery and can resume normal activities immediately. Some may feel drowsy or dizzy from lying still for the duration of the scan.

If a sedative was taken, wait until its effects wear off before driving. If a contrast agent was used, drink plenty of fluids throughout the day.

If a contrast agent was used, it is recommended to drink larger amounts of fluids throughout the day.

Precautions

Since MRI uses a strong magnetic field, it is essential to inform the radiology staff about any metal objects in or on your body, including: cardiac pacemakers, metal clips, removable dental prosthetics, insulin pumps, stents or clips in blood vessels, neurostimulators, artificial heart valves, artificial joints, cochlear implants, metal fragments or debris. Some of these items may not be contraindications, but confirmation from the operator is required.

Inform the staff if you have health issues, especially kidney problems, as gadolinium-based contrast agents can cause severe, life-threatening reactions in individuals with kidney problems or those on dialysis

or if you cannot lie still for up to 60 minutes.

Though rare, contrast agents may cause side effects such as headache, nausea, pain, or a cold sensation at the injection site. Allergic reactions are also possible, including itching, redness, swelling, or breathing difficulties; in such cases, contact a doctor.

For a better patient experience:

• Comfortable MRI room design
• Soft patient support during the scan
• Noise reduction with special patient ear protection
• Audio instructions and support throughout the scan

Technical specifications:

• Tunnel diameter: 70 cm
• Tunnel length: 1.37 m

Cost of MRI of the brain and head

You can check the current price list for the cost of the procedure. Contact us by phone at +385 1 5005 970 or email info@sinteza.hr for more information. For direct appointment reservations, click on the link.

Service Location

Documents for patients

• Upute za pacijente za MR snimanje
• Pomoć pacijentima za opuštanje tijekom magnetske rezonance u uskom prostoru

Most frequently asked questions: