Gynecological Examination

A gynecological examination is a medical assessment performed by a gynecologist to evaluate the health of the reproductive organs and identify any potential diseases or conditions that require treatment.

First gynecological examination

It is advisable to have your first gynecological consultation before engaging in sexual intercourse or no later than by the age of 21, and regardless of sexual activity. This initial visit allows you to meet the chosen doctor, discuss future contraceptive options, protection against sexually transmitted diseases, and receive important information about reproductive health and the importance of regular gynecological check-ups.

If the initial consultation is missed and sexual activity has begun, a gynecological examination should be performed, including: a discussion, clinical examination, ultrasound, and if necessary, a Pap smear or cervical swabs.

Discomfort and fear of gynecological examinations

Every gynecological examination begins with a conversation between the gynecologist and the patient to create a comfortable atmosphere of trust and reduce discomfort. This discussion helps gather valuable information about your general and gynecological health history.

The conversation typically starts with details from your personal, family, and gynecological history, including your first menstruation, cycle regularity, potential use of contraception, HPV vaccination status, last menstruation, and any existing gynecological issues.

Women often experience unnecessary fear or discomfort about gynecological exams due to past unpleasant or painful experiences. It is important to emphasize that regular preventive gynecological exams can often save your life and significantly improve your quality of life. Finding a trustworthy gynecologist is crucial. At Poliklinika Sinteza, gynecological exams are completely painless, and there is no place for fear or discomfort.

If you are anxious, you can inform the gynecologist at our clinic so they can adjust the examination and approach with understanding.

Preparation before a gynecological examination

No special preparation is required for a gynecological exam, so there is no need to worry. If you are not sexually active, you may come with a full bladder. Otherwise, you need to empty your bladder completely. It is recommended to have the exam during the first part of your cycle, shortly after menstruation.

What does a gynecological examination involve?

After the initial discussion with the gynecologist, the examination starts on the gynecological table. The first step is to inspect the external genitalia for any visible changes. The next step involves inserting a speculum into the vagina. This plastic or metal instrument is used to widen the vaginal canal to better view the vaginal walls and cervix. The procedure is not painful unless there is inflammation or if the vagina is very dry— in such cases, you might experience slight discomfort.

While the speculum is in place, a Pap smear is performed by taking a cervical swab with a brush. This procedure is painless. If there is suspicion of a sexually transmitted infection, additional swabs for common pathogens may be taken.

Following this, a bimanual pelvic examination is conducted. The gynecologist inserts their index and middle fingers into the vagina while palpating the uterus and ovaries with the other hand on the abdominal wall to assess their position, mobility, and tenderness. This part of the exam is generally not painful, but you should inform your gynecologist if you feel any discomfort.

The final part of the examination includes an ultrasound, which is essential for a complete gynecological check-up.

Duration and post-examination steps

Typically, a complete gynecological examination lasts about 30 minutes. After the exam, the gynecologist will explain the findings, provide recommendations, and suggest follow-up actions.

Why is ultrasound important?

Ultrasound is recommended as it provides a visual representation of the uterus and ovaries, helping to detect conditions such as ovarian cysts or uterine fibroids.

Gynecological examinationduring pregnancy

Every pregnant woman should have their first gynecological examination by the 6th week of pregnancy, provided there are no symptoms such as severe abdominal pain, spotting, or fresh bleeding. This exam confirms the pregnancy, its duration, and includes a Pap smear if not previously done.

Following this, the gynecologist will refer you for blood tests, which include a complete blood count, iron levels, thyroid hormones, blood sugar, urine tests, urine culture, tests for hepatitis B and C, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, as well as determining your blood type and Rh factor.

The first prenatal ultrasound is also part of this examination, along with advice on nutrition, exercise, and recommendations for prenatal tests to assess the risk of genetic disorders in the fetus.

Gynecological examination during menopause

Menopause is a period of significant change in a woman’s life. Advanced age is not a reason to stop preventive gynecological exams. On the contrary, symptoms that significantly affect quality of life often arise, and these issues are still considered somewhat taboo.

Hot flashes, vaginal dryness, incontinence, mood changes, and night sweats are among the symptoms that warrant a visit to your gynecologist.

Regular gynecological exams in older age are conducted in the same way as in reproductive years. This includes Pap smears, gynecological ultrasound, with emphasis on the examination of the external genitalia and vagina.

Pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse

Your gynecologist should be informed if you have issues with vaginal dryness, pain, or discomfort during intercourse. These problems should never be ignored, as they may indicate underlying issues that need to be addressed promptly.

Your gynecologist can offer advice to improve your sexual health and relationship with your partner.

Precautions 24 hours before the gynecological examination

Avoid using intravaginal creams, vaginal suppositories, douches, spermicidal creams, etc., before your gynecological examination. This is particularly important if you need a Pap smear.

How often should you have a gynecological examination?

It is recommended to have a gynecological examination once a year, but more frequently if you experience symptoms such as burning, itching, increased discharge, pain, or irregular menstrual bleeding. Regular visits to the gynecologist are crucial for early disease detection, timely diagnosis, and appropriate treatment.

Open dialogue with your gynecologist – half the battle for health!

Establishing a trusting relationship with your gynecologist makes it easier to discuss all your concerns and discomforts.

It is important to dispel the thought that the gynecologist will judge you for any reason and to be completely open about your issues, as this is the only way for your doctor to help and understand you.

There is no need to feel embarrassed if you have had unprotected sex, changed partners, or had multiple partners. You should also inform your gynecologist if you have had a pregnancy termination.

There is no need to feel ashamed if you have unpleasant odors and/or increased vaginal discharge, or if you did not have time to freshen up or groom before the examination. Your gynecologist is there to help you resolve all gynecological issues and ensure you leave Poliklinika Sinteza satisfied.

Cost of gynecological examination

For more information on the cost of the procedure, check the current price list of the Sinteza Polyclinic. Contact us by phone at +385 1 5005 970 or via email at info@sinteza.hr for more information. For direct appointment reservations, click on the link.