Ultrasound of the Urogenital Tract

What is an urogenital tract ultrasound?

Ultrasound (UZV) of the urinary tract is a non-invasive diagnostic method that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the bladder, ureters and kidneys in both sexes. In men, the prostate is examined as part of this examination.

This technique is completely safe and non-harmful as it does not use ionizing radiation. It is based on the use of an ultrasound probe that sends sound waves to the tissues, or organs of the urotract. It emits sound waves that bounce off different types of tissue. The reflected waves are captured by the probe and displayed on a computer as a two-dimensional black-and-white image with varying shades depending on the tissue’s ability to reflect the waves. Normal tissue reflects waves differently than abnormal tissue, so they appear differently on the image, and based on this, the doctor receives information about pathological phenomena on the organs, such as stones or tumors.

When is a urogenital tract ultrasound needed?

This examination can be indicated by a doctor as part of a urological examination or based on symptoms that occur related to urination or sexual function (in men). A urogenital tract ultrasound may be indicated in the following cases:

• Frequent, difficult, or interrupted urination
• A feeling of incomplete bladder emptying
• Weak urinary stream
• Pain and burning during urination
• Blood in the urine (hematuria)
• Difficulty holding urine or incontinence
• Nocturia (nighttime urination)
• Recurrent urinary tract infections
• Blood count indicating a kidney disorder (e.g. hyperkalemia)
• Unexplained pain in the lower abdomen, groin or kidney area in the upper back

Sexual function issues in men:

• Erectile dysfunction
• Pain and burning during or after ejaculation
• Reduced libido
• Decreased sperm count
• Blood in semen

Preventive ultrasound of the urinary tract with the prostate (along with a urological examination) is recommended once a year to all men in risk groups for early detection of prostate cancer and successful treatment. They include men over 50 and over 45 with a positive family history (prostate cancer in the family).

What does an ultrasound of the urogenital tract show?

An ultrasound of the urogenital tract provides information about:

• The appearance of the bladder wall
• Possible presence of stones, diverticula, or tumors in the bladder
• Shape, size, and position of the kidneys
• Possible obstructions, stones, or tumors in the kidneys
• Benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, or other prostatic abnormalities

How is an urogenital tract ultrasound performed?

The procedure is typically performed while lying down. The doctor applies warm, water-based gel to the area being examined – the bladder (and prostate in men) and then the kidneys. The gel ensures good wave conductivity to the internal organs. The movements of the probe are generally painless, though they may be slightly uncomfortable if sensitive areas are present. At times, the doctor may ask you to adjust to a certain side position or briefly hold your breath to improve organ visibility. You may also need to empty your bladder during the procedure before continuing the examination.

The organ images are immediately displayed in real-time on a computer, and after the examination, you receive a report with instructions. The entire procedure takes approximately 15 to 30 minutes.

Preparation for a urogenital tract ultrasound

Before the examination: Drink 1 liter of fluid to ensure a full bladder.

Remove the upper part of your clothing (women may keep their bra or top).

Cost of an urogenital tract ultrasound

You can check the cost of the examination in the current price list.

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