Testicular Ultrasound and Color Doppler

What is a testicular ultrasound?

A testicular ultrasound (UZV) is a non-invasive diagnostic examination that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the male reproductive glands—testicles (or testes)—and surrounding tissue in the scrotum.

Ultrasound is a radiological technique that creates images of the body (or specific areas of the body) without using harmful ionizing radiation. It emits sound waves that bounce off different types of tissue. The reflected waves are captured by the probe and displayed on a computer as a two-dimensional black-and-white image with varying shades depending on the tissue’s ability to reflect the waves. Normal tissue reflects waves differently than abnormal tissue, which allows the doctor to identify pathological changes in the testicles and scrotum.

Due to its safety, speed, and ease of execution, testicular ultrasound can be performed multiple times and is a primary radiological method for diagnosing issues within the male reproductive system.

When an assessment of blood flow through the testicles is needed, color doppleremstrong (color doppler), a special ultrasound imaging technique that records changes in the frequency of sound waves when bouncing off red blood cells, is used.

Color Doppler of the testicles, besides being a valuable tool in the diagnosis of acute conditions, is also used to assess malignant changes and varicose veins in the testicles.

When is a testicular ultrasound needed?

Indications for a testicular ultrasound include:

• Palpable lump in the testicle
• After testicular trauma
• Pain and/or swelling in the testicle
• Urinary difficulties
• To rule out testicular torsion (an emergency condition)
• As part of infertility evaluation

This examination can help determine the nature of any masses (cancer or benign cysts) and identify the cause of pain or swelling. Common findings from a testicular ultrasound include varicocele (enlarged veins), hydrocele (fluid in the membrane surrounding the testicle, also known as a “water hernia”), and spermatoceles (cysts at the top of the testicle containing fluid and sperm).

Testicular Cancer and Ultrasound

Testicular cancer is a rare type of malignancy, but early diagnosis is crucial. Men in high-risk groups are advised to perform monthly self-exams. If a hard, painless lump or pain in the testicle is found, a urological examination with ultrasound is recommended. Testicular cancer most commonly affects men between the ages of 15 and 40, with risk factors including cryptorchidism (undescended testicle(s)) and Klinefelter syndrome.

How is a testicular ultrasound performed?

The procedure is performed while lying down. A water-based gel is applied to the scrotum to ensure good wave conduction to the tissue. The probe is moved over the testicles, which may be slightly uncomfortable or painful if sensitive areas are present. The images are displayed in real-time on a computer, and you will receive a report with instructions after the examination. The procedure typically lasts 15 to 30 minutes.

Preparation for a testicular ultrasound

No special preparation is required.

Cost of a testicular ultrasound

You can check the cost of the examination in the current price list.